OHCHR head deplores ‘entrenched impunity’ by all parties in Israel, OPT

Anjali Sharma

GG News Bureau

UNITED NATIONS, 24th Feb. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker on Friday strongly called for accountability for serious violations committed by all parties in Gaza, the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Israel.

OHCHR in a new report noted a broad range of concerns, including unlawful killings, hostage-taking, destruction of civilian property, collective punishment, forced displacement, incitement to hatred and violence, sexual assault, and torture.

These acts are all prohibited by international human rights and humanitarian laws, it said.

Volker Türk said “The entrenched impunity reported by our Office for decades cannot be permitted to continue. There must be accountability on all sides for violations seen over 56 years of occupation and the 16 years of blockade of Gaza, and up to today”.

“Justice is a pre-requisite for ending cycles of violence and for Palestinians and Israelis to be able to take meaningful steps towards peace.”

The report covered the 12-month period up to 31 October 2023. It also noted that further investigations are needed to establish the full extent of crimes committed under international law.

He urged all parties to immediately cease human rights and international humanitarian law violations and abuses, and to conduct prompt, independent, impartial, thorough, effective, and transparent investigations into all alleged violations.

He said all those responsible for violations must be held to account in fair trials.

Turk called on all parties to cooperate with international mechanisms for accountability, including the International Criminal Court as well as the International Court of Justice

The report said Al Qassam, the armed wing of Hamas, and other Palestinian armed groups committed serious violations of international law on a wide scale on 7 and 8 October.

These included attacks directed against civilians, willful killing and mistreatment of civilians, wanton destruction of civilian objects, and the taking of hostages, which amount to war crimes.

OHCHR report noted accounts that members of Palestinian armed groups and others committed rape, sexual assault, and torture require further investigation and full accountability in accordance with international law.

It added that the ensuing military response by Israel and its choice of means and methods of warfare  have led to massive suffering of Palestinians, including the killing of civilians on a broad scale; extensive, repeated displacement; destruction of homes, and the denial of sufficient food and other essentials.

It said women and children have suffered especially and that clear violations of international law have been committed.

The report identified three emblematic incidents, amongst numerous others, as having raised serious concerns about compliance with international humanitarian law.

It reiterated 2 strikes on Jabalia Refugee Camp and one on Al-Yarmouk, Gaza City, involved the use of explosive weapons with wide-area effects in densely populated areas.

The strikes resulted in enormous destruction, and according to reports no warning was given, nor any effort made to evacuate residential buildings prior to the strikes.

OHCHR verified a combined 153 deaths in the attacks, but the number could be as high as 243.

“Launching an indiscriminate attack resulting in death or injury to civilians, or an attack in the knowledge that it will cause excessive incidental civilian loss, injury or damage, are war crimes,” High Commissioner Türk said.

Over 30 UN independent human rights experts called for an immediate stop to arms exports to Israel.

They warned in a statement issued that any transfer of weapons or ammunition to Israel that would be used in Gaza is likely to violate international humanitarian law.

“All States must ‘ensure respect’ for international humanitarian law by parties to an armed conflict, as required by 1949 Geneva Conventions and customary international law,” the experts said.

“States must accordingly refrain from transferring any weapon or ammunition or parts for them if it is expected, given the facts or past patterns of behavior, that they would be used to violate international law.”

The experts praised the decision of an appeals court in the Netherlands which ordered the Government to halt the export of F-35 fighter jet parts to Israel, cited a “clear risk” of serious violations of international humanitarian law.

They added that the need for an arms embargo on Israel is heightened by the International Court of Justice’s ruling last month that there is a plausible risk of genocide in Gaza.

The experts who issued the statement were all appointed by the UN Human Rights Council and serve in their individual capacity, independent of the United Nations and national governments.

The dire humanitarian situation persists in the Gaza Strip, with little signs of abetting, they stated.

UNRWA reported that between 20 and 21 February, only 69 aid trucks entered Gaza strip below the target of 500, amid significant difficulties bringing supplies in through both Kerem Shalom and Rafah crossings.

It added that at times had to temporarily stop discharging supplies due to security.

The humanitarians reported a rise in malnutrition among children and pregnant and breastfeeding women.

The situation is worrying in northern Gaza, where one in six children are acutely malnourished.