Nitish Kumar’s Comeback: How Bihar’s ‘Chankya’ Redefined Political Success

Paromita Das

New Delhi, 14th  November: In the complex tapestry of Bihar’s politics, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar continues to assert his relevance over two decades after first assuming office. The 2025 Bihar Assembly polls were viewed by many as a litmus test for his leadership, yet early results demonstrated his enduring appeal and strategic acumen in steering Bihar’s political discourse.

Sustained Success Amid Criticism

Often labelled ‘paltu ram’ for his shifting political alliances, Nitish Kumar has repeatedly proven his ability to maintain a strong vote bank. Unlike leaders who rely on rhetoric, his popularity largely stems from a focus on tangible results — improving rural infrastructure, supporting women and marginalized groups, and delivering steady economic upliftment across diverse communities.

From pension schemes for widows and the elderly to doubling salaries for school night guards and PT teachers, his recent governance initiatives have translated into visible welfare improvements. His financial support to nearly a crore women signals attempts to empower historically neglected sections of society. This pragmatic, inclusive governance contrasts with typical cycle-driven populism and resonates deeply with voters who prioritize effective change over empty promises.

Bridging Community Divides

A unique feature of Nitish Kumar’s political resilience is his ability to garner support across varied caste groups. His base includes significant minorities like Muslims—who traditionally did not align easily with his ally, BJP—as well as diverse Hindu castes, such as upper castes, Kushwahas, Paswans, Musahars, and Mallahs. This cross-sectional backing roots in his development-oriented approach that places inclusive growth above narrow identity politics.

His nuanced engagement with marginalized communities has helped reduce social polarization, a persistent challenge in Bihar politics. By focusing on socioeconomic opportunities over divisive strategies, Nitish Kumar has built a broad coalition of voters united by shared aspirations for progress.

Political Adaptability and Strategic Mastery

Nitish Kumar’s political journey reflects astute adaptability. Influenced by socialist stalwarts and shaped in the crucible of the JP movement, he refined his political instincts early. His initial political career, including ministerial roles in the central government and the BJP, showcased his ability to implement social welfare policies effectively—such as enhancing concessions for senior citizens and disabled passengers during his tenure as Railway Minister.

His first attempt at Bihar Chief Ministership in 2000 was short-lived, but he transformed setbacks into lessons, crafting a political longevity rare in Bharatiya state politics. His reputation as the political ‘Chankya’ aptly describes his capacity to remain relevant and command respect amid shifting political tides.

Election Trends and Voter Enthusiasm

The 2025 assembly elections spotlighted renewed confidence in Nitish Kumar’s JD(U) and the broader NDA alliance. Early trends revealed a significant resurgence, with JD(U) leading substantially over previous performance metrics. This was remarkable given the previous two polls showed a decline, emphasizing dynamic voter sentiment and Nitish’s renewed campaign vigor.

Bihar’s historically high voter turnout of over 67% signified competitive enthusiasm rather than anti-incumbency—an endorsement of his governance track record. Key segments of society perceive his leadership as stable and synonymous with development, favoring continuity in a region often marked by fragmentation.

Nitish Kumar’s Legacy and Future Prospects

If Nitish Kumar continues on this path, he is poised to join the ranks of Bharat’s longest-serving chief ministers, alongside leaders like Pawan Kumar Chamling, Naveen Patnaik, and Jyoti Basu. His tenure since 2005—with a brief interlude—places him squarely in line for historic longevity.

His governance blends developmental pragmatism with adept coalition management, setting a benchmark in Bihar’s political landscape. As the state faces complex challenges of growth, equality, and social cohesion, Nitish Kumar’s ability to balance competing interests with effective policies may remain critical.

A Model of Inclusive Development Politics

Nitish Kumar’s success highlights a valuable lesson in Bharatiya politics—a focus on inclusive development and tangible improvements can overcome divisive narratives and political volatility. His governance yields practical benefits that transcend caste and religion, creating a template for other leaders in diverse and complex societies.

While political flexibility invites criticism, it can also be a tool for survival and progress when aligned with accountable development. Nitish Kumar’s evolving strategies demonstrate that steadfast commitment to governance excellence wins voter trust more effectively than populist slogans.

Bihar’s Political Landscape and the Road Ahead

The 2025 Bihar polls reaffirmed Nitish Kumar as a dominant force whose pragmatic leadership continually shapes the state’s trajectory. His focus on inclusive growth and social welfare resonates with a broad electorate, enabling his political longevity.

As Bihar moves forward, the challenge for Nitish Kumar will be to sustain momentum, address emerging aspirations, and navigate the complexities of coalition politics. Success in these areas will ensure his place not only as one of Bihar’s longest-serving chief ministers but also as a key architect of its development story.